Dr. Marcus Croom – If Black Lives Matter at School, then What is Race?

I attended a Zoom session on February 8th from 6 to 7pm, which was hosted and conducted by Dr. Marcus Croom and guided by Dr. Dianne Wellington. Dr. Marcus Croom is an assistant instructor of literacy, culture and language at the University of Illinois in Chicago and a critical race researcher. He has written a number of books addressing 21st century enduring issues throughout school systems and classrooms. During his event, Dr. Croom discussed the various ways that racial inequalities are displayed in classrooms as well as the potential effects that the lack of racial knowledge and awareness can have on academic thinking, student identification, effectiveness of teachers, and literacy methods of instruction. This event was extremely eye opening. A number of interesting ideas and topics were touched upon that I have never been presented with before, putting a significant amount of new and existing ideas into new perspectives. 

One of the most interesting ideas Dr. Croom touched upon during his event was his study on race in literacy. He highlights findings from studies he and other colleagues have done within different classrooms to document teachers’ understanding of race and how they can often, intentionally and unintentionally, discriminate against students of color, or minority groups. According to these research studies, a variety of forms of racism and discrimination are frequently observed in classroom settings, such as prejudices in instructional strategies, a curriculum lacking in diversity and representation, discriminatory disciplinary measures, and the reinforcement of racial stereotypes. The utilization of emojis in the classroom was one startling example given by Dr. Croom during his presentation. Emojis are widely used forms of communication that frequently do not fairly represent a range of diverse groups. Not only teachers, but everyday people often use primarily white characters, which makes people of other races and groups feel excluded and less significant.  In response, Dr. Croom stressed throughout this lecture that in order to establish more inclusive and equitable learning environments for all children, educators must critically evaluate and oppose these discriminatory processes. Croom advocates for the development of racial literacies as a main solution to combat racism in classrooms. Teachers can improve their knowledge of race, racism, and anti-racist beliefs by encouraging diverse racial literacy. They can then include these viewpoints into lesson plans. Creating inclusive classroom environments where all students feel valued, included, and respected are a few examples of teaching strategies. Other examples include addressing specific biases and prejudices, incorporating varied perspectives into curriculum, and developing culturally responsive teaching solutions. Through continuous reflection and the elimination of racial prejudices, educators can work to undermine systematic racist policies and procedures in the classroom and advance social justice and inclusivity for all children. 

I found Dr. Marcus Croom’s presentation to be really insightful. This incident highlighted the critical role that educators play in creating inclusive environments while also casting a great deal of light on the extent of racial and minority disparities in educational settings. His observations about how racial biases appear in classrooms, even in seemingly innocent ways like emojis, emphasized how critical it is to confront these problems head-on. Teachers may help create more equitable learning environments where all students feel valued and empowered to thrive by aggressively confronting discriminatory practices and encouraging racial literacy. The essential reminder provided by Dr. Croom’s call to action is the continued effort required to combat systematic racism and advance social justice in education.



“Justice too long delayed is justice denied”: Martin Luther King Jr.’s True Fight, Through “Letter from Birmingham Jail” and Article, “Martin Luther King Jr. Was More Radical Than We Remember”.

     Martin Luther King Jr. is without a doubt one of the most well-known civil rights activists in history because of his “Letter from Birmingham Jail” and “I Have a Dream” speech. Both his speech and letter pushed Americans to recognize the racial inequalities that have been brought upon African Americans and the injustice of them. Throughout Jenn M. Jackson’s article, “Martin Luther King Jr. Was More Radical Than We Remember,” the term “radical ” appears an eye-opening number of times to characterize King and his contributions to the battle for equality in America. Jackson’s word choice pushes readers to realize the extent of work King contributed to society throughout his fight, which has clearly been underacknowledged. “Radical” as defined by Merriam-Webster Dictionary is “very different from the usual or traditional: Extreme.” Given that the word “radical” is most often used with a negative connotation, it is interesting that Jackson uses it 11 times in this piece—including in the title to describe one of the most admirable activists. 

     We learn about Martin Luther King Jr. and his iconic “I Have a Dream Speech” from a young age. However, the arguments made in this speech, why it was made, and for whom it was made are not discussed in true depth, and the overall meaning of his speech is rarely acknowledged in the way it was originally intended. We simply learn and discuss the not-so-controversial ideas and beliefs that King had, which barely touch the surface of the true issues of racism. As Jackson points out, the significance of this speech has been “whitewashed” throughout time. This highlights the possibility that some of King’s actions and beliefs—particularly the more controversial ones—may have been minimized in favor of a less controversial notion, degrading the true extent of racial inequality during this time. As stated by Jackson, “that manufactured perspective — often told to young children and supported by mainstream, predominantly white commentators — was focused on erasing the divisions between black and white people, not necessarily by blaming white people for their participation in systems of anti-black racism, but by moving beyond racial difference altogether” (Jackson). King’s letter and speech both address the real, deep racism that African Americans experienced which is important to recognize both then and now. Aligning with Jackson, King’s work, speeches, and letters are not censored and are certainly not apologetic, they are strong, powerful, and “radical”. They are extreme and shine a powerful light on the true problems at hand within this country. Jackson powerfully ends the article by stating, “​this Martin Luther King Jr. Day, we would do his memory justice by honoring all of his legacy. Not just the parts that make white Americans comfortable” (Jackson). By embracing all aspects of King’s radical activism and dedication to social justice, we can truly do his memory justice.

     Similarly, King’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” highlights the extent of racial discrimination that America has endured, and the vigorous steps that must be taken to reform such a prejudiced America. King wrote this letter in Birmingham’s jail cell to fellow clergymen who had criticized and belittled his protest. In this letter, he presents a compelling case for the use of peaceful direct action and civil disobedience as vital instruments for opposing unfair legislation and promoting “radical” social change. According to King, “we know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed” (838). Change must be acquired through radical measures. King emphasizes that sitting idly by for change will never truly bring reform to anything. To seek real change, it must be demanded. It is crucial to demand change because it gives people the ability to take initiative and have an impact on society’s advancement. People who actively push for change hold others in positions of authority responsible, raise awareness of pressing problems, promote solutions, and make significant strides toward building a society that is more just and equal. King was always searching for where he could make a difference and take a stand. It is clear that no matter the level of progress he made in reformation, it was never going to be enough until every individual was equal. King emphasizes his will to fight in his letter stating, “I cannot sit idly by in Atlanta and not be concerned about what happens in Birmingham. Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere” (836). King is expressing his firm belief that all people are connected and that it is only right to fight injustice wherever it occurs, no matter the obstacles. He understands that injustice is an ongoing threat worldwide and it is not merely something that occurs in certain places or communities. King’s efforts to promote equality stretch well beyond both of these two works and locations. Jackson draws attention to King’s antiwar activism during the Vietnam War and his leadership in the Poor People’s campaign. These details help us understand King as far more radical than the widely held perception that he is simply a peaceful dreamer. Jackson uses this argument to get readers to reevaluate their perceptions of King’s overall legacy and the reality of his dream in order to recognize the depth of his contributions to the civil rights movement. 

 

Discussion Questions …

  1. Why do you think Martin Luther King Jr. is primarily remembered for his “I Have a Dream Speech”? Why are his other contributions toward his fight for equality not considered equally as important?
  2. Going forward, how can we change the narrative of King to ensure that his true legacy is remembered and acknowledged, in full depth, in today’s society?

Citations: 

Jackson, Jenn M. “We Need to Honor MLK’s Real Legacy, Not the One That Makes White Americans Comfortable.” Teen Vogue, 31 May 2020, www.teenvogue.com/story/mlk-more-radical-than-we-remember?utm_source=nl&utm_brand=tv. 

King, Martin Luther, Jr. Letter from Birmingham Jail. Penguin Classics, 2018.



Introduction

Hi! My name is Giulia O’Connell. I am a freshman and my major is Psychology. My favorite color is pink and my favorite food is pasta!

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